{"id":268,"date":"2024-05-29T12:19:24","date_gmt":"2024-05-29T10:19:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/bg\/?page_id=268"},"modified":"2024-06-21T10:47:35","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T08:47:35","slug":"the-great-spotted-eagle","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/the-great-spotted-eagle\/","title":{"rendered":"Suur-konnakotkas (Great Spotted Eagle)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"268\" class=\"elementor elementor-268\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b0871fe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4b0871fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-329232da e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"329232da\" 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https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/orlik-1024x410.png 1024w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/orlik-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/orlik-1536x614.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-561daec6 animated-slow e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"561daec6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:400}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b671485 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b671485\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 26-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Suur-konnakotkas, kaduvate m\u00e4rgalade ohustatud s\u00fcmbol<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18ac565b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18ac565b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 26-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Suur-konnakotkas on \u00fcks haruldasemaid ja v\u00e4hem tuntud kotkaliikidest, kes elab Euroopas ja Aasias. Tema levila ulatub Vaikse ookeani rannikust, Mand\u017euuriast, Siberist, suurest osast Venemaast, Ida- ja Kesk-Euroopast kuni Ida-Poola ja Kaliningradi rajoonini. \u00dcksikuid populatsioone on leitud P\u00f5hja-Iraanis, Indias ja Kasahstanis. Pesitsuspiirkonnad ulatuvad laia ribana taiga piirist p\u00f5hjas kuni metsastepi servani l\u00f5unas. Poolas piirdub tema levila Biebrza oruga. \u00dcksikud paarid suur-konnakotkast ja l\u00e4hedalt seotud v\u00e4ikekonnakotkast esinevad ka mitmel pool idapiiril.<br \/>Euroopa populatsiooni arvukus on 810-1100 paari ja see moodustab 25-49% kogu maailma populatsioonist. Praegu pesitseb ta seitsmes Ida-Euroopa riigis. Igast riigist on teada hinnanguline pesitsevate paaride arv:<br \/>&#8211; Venemaa Euroopa osa 600-800,<br \/>&#8211; Valgevene 150-200,<br \/>&#8211; Ukraina 30-45,<br \/>&#8211; Eesti 15-30,<br \/>&#8211; Poola 15-17,<br \/>&#8211; Leedu 7,<br \/>&#8211; Rumeenia 0-2.<\/p><p>Kahe biotoobi elanik.<br \/>Euroopas on ulatuslikumate soode &#8211; madalate ja siirdesoode komplekside lind, kus ta v\u00f5ib k\u00fcttida arvukaid m\u00e4rgalade linnuliike, n\u00e4rilisi, kahepaiksete ja roomajate liike v\u00f5i erandjuhtudel koguda kala j\u00f5gede \u00fcleujutusaladel. Pesitsemiseks vajab ta aga rahulikku metsaalust, mis on inimasulatest kaugel ja millele on raske ligi p\u00e4\u00e4seda.<br \/>Ohud<br \/>Liigi haruldus on seotud eelk\u00f5ige sellega, et ta eelistab ulatuslikke m\u00e4rgalasid, mis on Kesk-Euroopas \u00fcha v\u00e4hemaks j\u00e4\u00e4nud. Peamine oht selle liigi populatsiooni stabiilsusele on m\u00e4rgalade kadumine ja muutumine. Niiskuslike \u00f6kos\u00fcsteemide kuivendamine p\u00f5hjustab muutusi taimkattes, kuna heinakasutus intensiivistub ja m\u00e4rgalad v\u00f5sastuvad heledate puuliikidega. Samuti muudetakse kuivendatud rohumaad p\u00f5llumaaks, nt ulatuslikuks maisikasvatuseks. Muude ohtude hulka kuuluvad h\u00fcbriidistumine v\u00e4ikekotkaga, erap\u00e4rastatud pesapaikade raie, lindude h\u00e4irimine pesades, aga ka salak\u00fcttimine ja m\u00fcrgitamine L\u00f5una-Euroopas asuvatel talvituspiirkondadel.<\/p><p>Kaitsestaatus<br \/>Suur-konnakotkas on IUCNi ohustatud liikide punases nimekirjas kantud \u00fclemaailmselt ohualdiste liikide hulka. Selle hinnangu p\u00f5hjuseks on tema v\u00e4hene arvukus, mis on m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rselt v\u00e4henenud (peamiselt tema levila Euroopa osas) ja elupaikade kadumine. Euroopa Liidus on ta liigitatud erilise t\u00e4htsusega liigiks kategoorias SPEC1 &#8211; k\u00f5rgeim mure. Suur-konnakotkas on loetletud Euroopa Parlamendi ja n\u00f5ukogu 30. novembri 2009. aasta direktiivi 2009\/147\/E\u00dc loodusliku linnustiku kaitse kohta (ELT L.2010.20.7) (nn linnudirektiiv) I lisas ning teda kaitstakse Euroopa loodusliku mitmekesisuse ja looduslike elupaikade kaitse konventsiooni (nn Berni konventsioon &#8211; II lisa) ja metsloomade r\u00e4ndliikide kaitse konventsiooni (nn Bonni konventsioon &#8211; II lisa) alusel.<\/p><p>Kevadine tegevus<br \/>Ida-Poolas pesitsevad suur-konnakotkad saabuvad 1. aprillist kuni umbes 20. aprillini, kuigi m\u00f5ned linnud ilmuvad pesitsusaladele juba m\u00e4rtsi l\u00f5pus. Linnud saabuvad \u00fcksikult ja kohtuvad pesitsusterritooriumidel. S\u00f5ltuvalt valitsevatest ilmastikutingimustest alustavad nad rohkem v\u00f5i v\u00e4hem hilinemisega paaritumist, paaritumist ja pesade ehitamist. P\u00f6\u00f6rdumine toimub enamasti pesa kohal toimuva \u00f5huakrobaatika vormis, mis h\u00f5lmab suurejoonelist vahelduvat laskumist ja t\u00f5usmist suurel k\u00f5rgusel, mis on \u00fchendatud m\u00f5lema linnu karjumisega.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d2228f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9d2228f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b6ae187 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b6ae187\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-534ed276 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"534ed276\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/home\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-1024x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/gse_life_orlik-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Suur-konnakotkas, kaduvate m\u00e4rgalade ohustatud s\u00fcmbol Suur-konnakotkas on \u00fcks haruldasemaid ja v\u00e4hem tuntud kotkaliikidest, kes elab Euroopas ja Aasias. Tema levila ulatub Vaikse ookeani rannikust, Mand\u017euuriast, Siberist, suurest osast Venemaast, Ida- ja Kesk-Euroopast kuni Ida-Poola ja Kaliningradi rajoonini. \u00dcksikuid populatsioone on leitud P\u00f5hja-Iraanis, Indias ja Kasahstanis. Pesitsuspiirkonnad ulatuvad laia ribana taiga piirist p\u00f5hjas kuni metsastepi servani [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/268"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=268"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":381,"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/268\/revisions\/381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparrow.up.poznan.pl\/life\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}