Zdolność reprodukcyjna odmian Dactylis glomerataw zależności od rozstawy rzędów w okresie czteroletniego użytkowania

The reproductive potential of Dactylis glomerata varieties dependingon row spacing during four-years utilization

• Abstract

  • Abstract. Dactylis glomerata varieties were tested in a seed cultivation established in a pure, late spring sowing against the background of two row spacing (50 and 70 cm) during 4-years investigations. The field experiment in central Poland was established in a split-plot configuration on 3 m² plots with four replications. Two factors were considered: variety (six varieties) and row spacing (50 and 70 cm). There were analyzed: formation of generative shoots (number) and seed yield. The seed yield changed depending on variety and year of utilization. The highest seed yields were obtained in the second and the third year. It was found that the seed yield and the number of generative shoots depended on cultivar and row spacing. Significant positive correlation coefficients were obtained between seed yield and the number of generative shoots of Dactylis glomerata varieties at the investigated row spacings.

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Zróżnicowanie morfologicznych i biologicznych cech odmian Dactylis glomerata w uprawie na nasionana tle warunków pogodowych

Variability of morphological and biological properties of Dactylis glomerata varieties in seed production at the background of weather conditions

• Abstract

  • Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development and biological features of Dactylis glomerata varieties grown for seeds depending on the course of precipitations and temperature. The studies were carried out in 2002–2006 in central Poland. Experiment was established as a split-plot design on plots of 3 m² in four replications. The seeds of six varieties of Dactylis glomerata with different earliness and the ways of utilization were sown in June at rate 0.5 g m^–2 in two row spacings (50 and 70 cm). The following parameters were analyzed: cover of surface (spring), height of plants (spring and in the term of seed harvest – generative and vegetative shoots) and share of generative shoots in the aboveground. It was found that examined varieties were characterized by a considerable diversification of their grow and development depending on weather conditions.

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Test flights of meadow communites by Apidae insects

Oblatywanie przez pszczołowate zbiorowisk łąkowych

• Abstract

  • Abstract. The performed investigations were carried out on meadow complexes situated in the region of Wielkopolska recognised for its long traditions of meadow management and bee-keeping. The results of our investigations and observations show that permanent meadows exhibit sufficient floristic diversity to make them attractive for Apidae. However, flights of Apidae to visit meadow communities in order to collect nectar vary. The attractiveness of Cirsium oleraceum communities is evidently higher than that of Alopecurus pratensis, while communities with Trifolium repens and Taraxacum officinale occupy intermediate positions. All the above-mentioned plant communities are more attractive for Apoidae than Brassica napus cultivations. In addition, visits paid to individual species of plant communities also vary. Apoidae appear to favour in particular the following plant species: Vicia cracca, Trifolium sp., Taraxacum officinale, Cirsium sp., Leontodon autumnalis, Melilotus sp., Polygonum bistorta, Euphrasia rostkoviana and Lychnis flos-cuculi. Another advantage of permanent meadows is the presence in their sward of plants which blossom during the entire period of vegetation. Therefore, if we want to enhance meadow floristic diversity, it is necessary to introduce (by oversowing) into their communities plant species which are visited by Apidae most readily. In addition, it can be concluded on the basis of the performed experiments that the Apoidae population in our region is very poor and is limited to the following little species: Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris and B. lapidaries, B. sylvarum, B. pascuorum and Halictus sp.

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Zawartość makro- i mikropierwiastków w glebach i runi użytków zielonych położonych nad Zatoką Wrzosowską

The content of macro- and microelements in soils and grasslands sward located nearby the Wrzosowska Gulf

• Abstract

  • Abstract. The article presents results study were obtained of 4 objects on grassland areas located in the valley of the Wrzosowska Gulf. The chemical properties of low peat, muckous, mineral- -muck, rusty soil were determined as well as the chemical composition of samples of meadow plants.
    In general of the examined soils is acidic, low content of macro- and microelements, which found the reflection in chemical composition of plants biomass. It marked in raised level of salinity and the high content of total sulphur of soils and meadow plants the influence of waters of Baltic Sea the being in range of influence waters of Wrzosowska Gulf.

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Differentiation of rush communities of mid-field pondsin the western part of Drawskie Lakeland

Zróżnicowanie zbiorowisk szuwarowych śródpolnych oczek wodnych w zachodniej części Pojezierza Drawskiego

• Abstract

  • Abstract. The objects of the research were 30 mid-field ponds situated in the western part of Drawskie Lakeland. A synthetic table shows 153 relevés representing 12 rush associations. Totally, within the studied water ponds, 23 plant communities were distinguished, including 12 rush associations. These are: Sparganietum erecti, Eleocharitetum palustris, Phragmitetum australis, Typhetum latifoliae, Acoretum calami, Oenantho-Rorippetum, Cicuto-Caricetum pseudocyperi, Iridetum pseudacori, Caricetum acutiformis, Caricetum gracilis, Caricetum vesicariae and Sparganio-Glycerietum fluitansis. Phytosociological constancy of the species forming the structure of 12 recognized plant communities phytocoenoses: Caricetum gracilis (75), Caricetum vesicariae (71) and Typhetum latifoliae (63 taxa) are floristically the richest, whereas Sparganietum erecti (38) and Cicuto-Caricetum pseudocyperi (41 species) are the poorest. The species characteristic of the Phragmitetea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea classes are dominant among them. Rush associations of the Magnocaricion alliance and contributions of the species from both classes are approximate. The Magnocaricion rushes are in contact with communities of the Phragmition alliance and with communities of moist meadows of the Molinietalia order, hence the contribution of species to them from both the classes. In phytocoenoses of the Phragmition alliance there are fewer species of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class and slightly more species of the Potametea class than in the communities of the Magnocaricion alliance. The analysis of similarity of the communities was carried by the UPGMA method using Euclidean distances on the basis of phytosociological constancy of species with the application of the STATISTICA PL packet (1984–1985). Coefficients of similarity of the associations were calculated by means of the Sörensena method and the obtained results were shown in the Czekanowski diagram.

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Zróżnicowanie zbiorowisk łąkowych klasy Molinio-Arrhenatheretea w krajobrazie rolniczymzachodniej części Pojezierza Drawskiego

Differentiation of meadow communities of Molinio-Arrhenatheretea classin agricultural landscape of the western part of Drawskie Lakeland

• Abstract

  • Abstract. The objects of research were 55 mid-field meadows of an up to 5 ha area, the characteristics of which were biotope conditions and the method of exploitation. The area is localized in the western part of Drawskie Lakeland. The field research was carried out in the years 1995–1999. In this period 150 phytosociological relevés were made using the Braun-Blanquet method. Collective soil samples were taken from the research area, in which the mechanical composition and the values of pH in H2O and 1 M KCl were determined. Within the studied meadows 11 plant communities from Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class were distinguished, of which nine were in the rank of associations: Filipendulo-Geranietum, Epilobio-Juncetum effusi, Scirpetum sylvatici, Angelico-Cirsietum oleracei, Alopecuretum pratensis, Holcetum lanati, Arrhenatheretum elatioris, Viscario-Festucetum rubrae, Ranunculo-Agropyretum repentis; and two as communities Deschampsia caespitosa and Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra.

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